Rejecting Religious Identity under Law: A Comparative Study of India and Other Constitutional Democracies
This paper critically examines the gap between India’s constitutional promise of freedom of conscience and the reality of compulsory religious and caste identification in state practices. It traces the evolution of religious and secular thought in India, from ancient heterodox traditions and colonial enumeration to the constitutional debates, and analyses key judicial developments affirming the […]
Witness Protection Scheme 2018: A Critical Appraisal within India’s Criminal Justice System
Witnesses constitute the backbone of the criminal justice system. Their testimony forms the basis of investigation, prosecution, and adjudication. However, the Indian criminal justice system has historically failed to provide adequate protection to witnesses, resulting in intimidation, coercion, and the alarming rise of hostile witnesses. The Witness Protection Scheme, 2018—approved by the Supreme Court in […]
Presumed Innocent, Digitally Excluded: Undertrial Prisoners, Internet Access, and India’s Obligations Under the ICCPR and the Nelson Mandela Rules
Over 5,30,000 inmates are housed in the prison system of India, of whom approximately 73.5 per cent are undertrial prisoners not convicted of any offence. These individuals endure blanket denial of internet access under prison regulations of the colonial era, positioning India rather incongruously with the evolving architecture of human rights law. This paper argues […]
Legal and Regulatory Dimensions of AI in Business Innovation
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has presented itself as a revolutionary event that is transforming business and management innovation on a wide scale of organizational functions. AI-enabled systems are transforming the way of decision-making processes, organization setting, and the value creation processes through innovation management and sustainable business models to human resource management (HRM) and marketing intelligence. […]
Electoral Cycles and Constitutional Equilibrium: Federalism, Accountability, and the Limits of Synchronization in India
The proposal of “One Nation, One Election” (ONOE) seeks to synchronize elections to the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies in India, aiming to reduce the frequency of elections and promote administrative efficiency. This paper critically examines the constitutional, federal, and democratic implications of implementing simultaneous elections within India’s parliamentary framework. While proponents argue that […]
Between Pluralism and Equality: A Constitutional Reassessment of the Uniform Civil Code
A Constitution is constantly flexible. Implicit within a Constitution is its framer’s vision, which unfolds itself in the very course of its realization. In that meaning, it is a blend of ideals and reality of what should be and what exists. A constitutional text attempts to engage with reality and transform it in the shape […]
Artificial Intelligence in the Criminal Justice System: Opportunities, Challenges, and Legal Imperatives
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into the criminal justice system represents a transformative shift, promising enhanced efficiency in law enforcement while raising profound legal and ethical concerns. This paper explores the multifaceted role of AI in policing, predictive analytics, and judicial processes, drawing on global and Indian contexts to assess its potential to revolutionize […]
From Loan-Sharks to Vulture Funds: Abuse, Vulnerability, and Judicial Control in Irish Credit Markets
This article examines the persistent problem of abusive lending practices in Ireland through a social-justice lens, arguing that structural power imbalances continue to shape borrower–lender relationships across both regulated and unregulated segments of the credit market. Despite an extensive statutory and regulatory architecture – comprising the Consumer Credit Act 1995, Central Bank oversight, and the […]
Legal Recognition of Indigenous Community Rights in Resource Exploitation: Advancing Environmental Justice through Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC)
The issues of both environmental justice and indigenous peoples’ rights arise today more than ever. Global exploitation of resources through approaches such as mining, oil extraction, cutting of trees including logging, and development of hydroelectric power is encroaching into the territory of indigenous peoples. This action threatens to compromise the cultural integrity, biodiversity, and sustainable […]
From ‘Happily Ever After’ to Hidden Oppression: The Gendered Burdens and Suppressed Voices of Women in Marriage
“Marriage has long been celebrated as a promise of companionship and security, yet for many women it quietly becomes a site of sacrifice, silence, and survival.” This research paper critically examines the transformation of marriage from the idealized notion of “happily ever after” to a lived reality marked by hidden oppression, gendered burdens, and suppressed […]